Chapter 4: Phenomena and Models

Major Topics

Components utilize natural phenomena in carrying out functions within technological systems.

 The component’s physical characteristics, or its “form,” are determined by the physical processes employed by the component in accomplishing its functions.

 Mathematical models can be developed to characterize component and system behavior.

Chapter 4 Overview

• Components are created by people to provide a specific function in a technological system; however, all technology is actually part of the natural world thus the behavior of components is determined by natural phenomena.

• Components utilize natural phenomena in carrying out functions within technological systems. Although technology is made by humans, its behavior is governed by the same laws of nature that apply to the natural world.

• Science uncovers and clarifies the behavior of the natural world. The engineering sciences are those with particular relevance to the behavior of technological components and systems.

• The action or behavior of components is often described mathematically. Mathematical models or formulas describing component behavior can be based on the physical principles responsible for the characteristics of that component, empirical characterizations, or combinations of theoretical and experimental results.

• Mathematical models of component and system behavior typically have limits of applicability.

• The predictive capabilities of mathematical models facilitate component design, selection, interconnection, and the achievement of overall system performance.